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3,-2. 2724s-225. , if there exists have a peek here invertible matrix
P
{\displaystyle P}
and a diagonal matrix
D
{\displaystyle D}
such that
P
1
A
P
=
D
{\displaystyle P^{-1}AP=D}
, or equivalently
A
=
P
D
P
1
{\displaystyle A=PDP^{-1}}
. λ -> eigen value.
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22 Lebesgue also enriched the diagonalization method by introducing the new and fruitful idea of a universal function for a given class of functions. 3,-3. 5,-14c0,-2,0. The characteristic polynomial is (1−t)(−t)−1=t2−t−1,(1-t)(-t)-1 = t^2-t-1,(1−t)(−t)−1=t2−t−1, whose roots are ϕ\phiϕ and ρ,\rho,ρ, where ϕ\phiϕ is the golden ratio and ρ=1−52\rho = \frac{1-\sqrt{5}}2ρ=21−5